Buick Encore 2013-2019 1.4L Engine Bolt Torque Specifications & Fastener Values
Buick Encore 2013-2019

Buick Encore 2013-2019 1.4L Engine Bolt Torque Specifications

Comprehensive list of torque specifications for various bolts on the 1.4L engine of the 2013-2019 Buick Encore. This includes cylinder head bolts, crankshaft bolts, connecting rod bolts, and other critical engine fasteners.

Updated

Important Information

Safety guidelines and reference information for proper torque application

Quick Reference Guide
ft-lbs → Nm
× 1.356
ft-lbs → kg-m
× 0.138
Nm → ft-lbs
× 0.738
in-lbs → ft-lbs
× 0.083

Common Torque Patterns

Star Pattern

Used for wheels and other circular bolt patterns

Star Pattern torque pattern diagram showing proper bolt tightening sequence
Cross Pattern

Used for gaskets and cover plates

Cross Pattern torque pattern diagram showing proper bolt tightening sequence
Sequential Pattern

Used for head bolts and other critical components

Sequential Pattern torque pattern diagram showing proper bolt tightening sequence

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Over-tightening

Exceeding the specified torque value can stretch or break fasteners, damage threads, or crack components.

Prevention:

Always use a calibrated torque wrench and follow specifications exactly.

Incorrect Torque Sequence

Tightening bolts in the wrong order can cause uneven pressure distribution and potential leaks or damage.

Prevention:

Follow the manufacturer's specified torque sequence pattern.

Dirty Threads

Dirt, rust, or old thread locker can affect torque readings and proper fastener tension.

Prevention:

Clean and inspect all threads before assembly. Use new thread locker if specified.

Reusing TTY Bolts

Torque-to-yield bolts are designed to stretch and must not be reused.

Prevention:

Always replace TTY bolts with new ones. They are single-use only.

Dry vs. Lubricated

Not accounting for whether torque specs are for dry or lubricated fasteners can lead to incorrect tension.

Prevention:

Check if specs are for dry or lubricated threads. Use specified lubricant when required.

Recommended Tools

Torque Wrench (1/4" Drive)

Range: 2-25 ft-lbs
Small fasteners, delicate components

Torque Wrench (3/8" Drive)

Range: 10-100 ft-lbs
Most common automotive fasteners

Torque Wrench (1/2" Drive)

Range: 30-250 ft-lbs
Large fasteners, wheels

Angle Gauge

Torque-to-yield (TTY) bolts

Torque Wrench Care

  • Calibrate annually or after 5,000 clicks
  • Store at lowest setting
  • Keep clean and lubricated

Search Specifications

Search by component name, bolt size, or description

Torque Calculator

Convert between different torque units

Cylinder Head

Fasteners securing the cylinder head to the engine block, crucial for combustion sealing and preventing leaks.

1

Cylinder Head Bolts

M10 x 1.5
Important Notes
Torque in a specified sequence, typically starting from the center and working outwards in a spiral pattern. Refer to the service manual for specific sequence.

Crankshaft

Fasteners related to the crankshaft, connecting rods, and flywheel, critical for engine rotation and power transfer.

1

Main Bearing Bolts

M10 x 1.25
Important Notes
Torque in a specified sequence to ensure even clamping. Refer to the manual for the specific sequence.
2

Connecting Rod Nuts

M8 x 1.25
Important Notes
Ensure proper orientation of the connecting rod caps. Torque value is critical for bearing clearance.
3

Flywheel Bolts

M10 x 1.5
Torque Value
74 ft-lbs (100 N·m)
Important Notes
Apply threadlocker to bolt threads. Ensure correct flywheel orientation.
4

Crankshaft Pulley/Harmonic Balancer Bolt

M14 x 1.5
Torque Value
74 ft-lbs (100 N·m)
Important Notes
Apply threadlocker to bolt threads. Use a tool to hold the crankshaft stationary while tightening.

Lubrication

Fasteners related to the engine's oil system, including the oil pan and filter housing, critical for preventing oil leaks.

1

Oil Pan Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Value
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Torque in a cross pattern to ensure even pressure on the gasket.
2

Oil Filter Housing Bolt

M20 x 1.5 (Estimated)
Torque Value
11 ft-lbs (15 N·m)
Important Notes
Hand tighten only, do not over-tighten to avoid cracking housing or stripping threads.
3

Oil Drain Plug Bolt

M14 x 1.5
Torque Value
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Use a new crush washer or O-ring with every oil change.
4

Oil Pressure Sensor

M10 x 1.0 (Estimated)
Torque Value
11 ft-lbs (15 N·m)
Important Notes
Estimated value. Do not over tighten or damage the sensor.

Valvetrain

Fasteners related to the valve train, including the valve cover, rocker arms/shafts and camshaft sprockets. Crucial for valve operation and preventing leaks.

1

Valve Cover Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Value
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Torque in a cross pattern to evenly compress the gasket.
2

Timing Belt/Chain Tensioner Bolt

M8 x 1.25
Torque Value
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure correct tensioner operation before tightening. Refer to service manual for procedure.
3

Camshaft Sprocket Bolt

M10 x 1.25
Torque Value
63 ft-lbs (85 N·m)
Important Notes
Use a tool to hold the camshaft stationary while tightening.
4

Rocker Arms/Shafts Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Value
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Torque evenly to prevent binding or damage. Ensure correct rocker arm alignment.

Intake And Exhaust

Fasteners related to the intake and exhaust manifolds, throttle body and EGR valve. Critical for proper engine operation and preventing leaks.

1

Throttle Body Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Value
6 ft-lbs (8 N·m)
Important Notes
Torque evenly to avoid warping the throttle body.
2

Intake Manifold Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Value
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Torque in a specified sequence to evenly compress the gasket and prevent vacuum leaks.
3

Exhaust Manifold/Headers Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Value
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Torque in a specified sequence to prevent leaks. Use new exhaust manifold gaskets.
4

EGR Valve Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Value
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper alignment and use a new gasket if needed.

Fuel System

Fasteners related to the fuel delivery system, including the fuel rail and injectors. Critical for preventing fuel leaks and ensuring proper engine operation.

1

Fuel Rail Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Value
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Torque evenly to ensure proper sealing of fuel rail.
2

Fuel Injector Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Value
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten evenly to ensure a good seal and prevent leaks

Cooling System

Fasteners related to the engine's cooling system, including the water pump and thermostat housing. Crucial for preventing coolant leaks and maintaining proper engine temperature.

1

Water Pump Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Value
6 ft-lbs (8 N·m)
Important Notes
Torque in a cross pattern to evenly compress the gasket.
2

Water Pump Pulley Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Value
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Tighten evenly to prevent vibration or damage.
3

Thermostat Housing Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Value
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Torque evenly to ensure a good seal and prevent coolant leaks.
4

Coolant Temperature Sensor

M10 x 1.0 (Estimated)
Torque Value
11 ft-lbs (15 N·m)
Important Notes
Estimated value. Do not over tighten.

Sensors

Fasteners related to various engine sensors, which are essential for proper engine control and diagnostics.

1

Knock Sensor Bolt

M8 x 1.25
Torque Value
15 ft-lbs (20 N·m)
Important Notes
Torque to specified value to ensure proper sensor operation. Do not over-tighten.
2

Camshaft Position Sensor Bolt

M6 x 1.0
Torque Value
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper sensor seating and alignment.
3

Crankshaft Position Sensor Bolt

M6 x 1.0
Torque Value
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Ensure proper sensor seating and alignment.
4

Intake Air Temperature Sensor

Plastic threads, hand tight (Estimated)
Torque Value
2 ft-lbs (3 N·m)
Important Notes
Hand tighten only. Do not over tighten.

Turbocharger

Fasteners specific to turbocharger components for forced induction engines.

1

Turbocharger to Manifold Bolts

M8 x 1.25
Torque Value
18 ft-lbs (25 N·m)
Important Notes
Torque in a specified sequence. Use new gaskets to ensure proper sealing.
2

Turbocharger Oil Feed/Return Line Bolts

M6 x 1.0
Torque Value
7.4 ft-lbs (10 N·m)
Important Notes
Use new sealing washers. Do not over-tighten.

Troubleshooting Guide

Common issues, diagnostic steps, and prevention guidelines

Common Issues

Bolt stretching, stripped threads, uneven torque patterns

Loose Components

Symptoms:
  • Rattling or vibration noises
  • Visible movement in components
  • Uneven panel gaps
Solutions:
  • Clean threads and mounting surfaces
  • Replace damaged fasteners
  • Apply proper torque in sequence
  • Use thread locker if specified

Stripped Fasteners

Symptoms:
  • Unable to achieve proper torque
  • Fastener spins freely
  • Visible thread damage
Solutions:
  • Use thread repair kit if appropriate
  • Install thread insert (HeliCoil)
  • Replace component if threaded hole is damaged
  • Upgrade to higher grade fastener if recommended

Overtightened Components

Symptoms:
  • Cracked or deformed parts
  • Broken fasteners
  • Compressed gaskets or seals
Solutions:
  • Replace damaged components
  • Use new fasteners
  • Follow proper torque sequence
  • Verify correct torque specifications

Diagnostic Steps

Visual inspection, torque verification, thread assessment

1

Visual Inspection

Inspect the affected area for any visible signs of damage or wear

  • Check for cracks or deformation
  • Look for signs of excessive wear
  • Verify proper fastener installation
2

Torque Verification

Verify the torque applied to the fasteners

  • Check the torque wrench calibration
  • Verify the torque specification
  • Compare the applied torque to the specification
3

Thread Assessment

Assess the condition of the threads

  • Check for signs of thread damage
  • Verify the thread type and size
  • Check for proper thread engagement

Prevention Guidelines

Best practices, maintenance tips, tool care

Best Practices

  • Always follow the recommended torque specification
  • Use the correct type and size of fasteners
  • Verify the torque wrench calibration regularly

Maintenance Tips

  • Regularly inspect the affected area for signs of wear or damage
  • Replace damaged or worn-out components promptly
  • Keep the work area clean and organized

Tool Care

  • Regularly clean and maintain the torque wrench
  • Store the torque wrench in a dry and secure location
  • Verify the torque wrench calibration before each use

Frequently Asked Questions

Find answers to common questions about torque specifications

Q1

Why is using the correct torque specification important?

Using the correct torque specification is crucial to prevent damage to the engine components, ensure proper sealing, and avoid bolt failure. Under-torquing can lead to leaks or loosening, while over-torquing can strip threads or warp parts, causing significant engine damage. For example, over-torquing the cylinder head bolts could lead to head gasket failure and oil leaks.

Q2

What happens if I over-torque a bolt?

Over-torquing a bolt can stretch or break it, damage the threads in the receiving component, and potentially distort the clamped parts. For instance, over-tightening the intake manifold bolts can crack the manifold, leading to vacuum leaks and poor engine performance.

Q3

What happens if I under-torque a bolt?

Under-torquing a bolt can result in insufficient clamping force, causing parts to come loose, leak, or vibrate excessively. An example would be under-tightening exhaust manifold bolts, which could result in exhaust leaks and increased noise.

Q4

Do I need to replace bolts after removing them?

Some bolts, especially those used in critical areas like the cylinder head or connecting rods, are designed as 'torque-to-yield' or stretch bolts. These bolts should always be replaced as they are designed to permanently stretch when tightened. Reusing them can lead to improper clamping force and potential engine failure. Other bolts can be reused if they are in good condition, but it's always a good practice to inspect them for damage before reuse.

Q5

Should I use lubricant on bolts before tightening?

Lubrication can significantly affect the torque reading. Some bolts are designed to be tightened dry, while others require lubrication. Consult the specific repair manual for your 2013-2019 Buick Encore 1.4L engine to determine if lubricant is required and what type. Using the wrong lubricant, or any lubricant when not specified, will alter the achieved clamping force at the recommended torque specification.

Environmental Considerations

Temperature, humidity, and seasonal effects on torque specifications

Temperature Effects

Includes: High Heat, Cold Weather, Thermal Cycling

Temperature can significantly impact torque values and fastener behavior

Cold Weather

Effects:
  • Increased material brittleness
  • Higher torque required due to thread contraction
  • Reduced thread lubricant effectiveness
Recommendations:
  • Allow components to warm to room temperature when possible
  • Consider using winter-grade thread lubricants
  • Check torque values more frequently during winter months

Hot Weather

Effects:
  • Thermal expansion of components
  • Decreased friction in threads
  • Accelerated lubricant breakdown
Recommendations:
  • Check torque when components are at normal operating temperature
  • Use temperature-resistant thread lockers
  • Consider re-torquing after heat cycles

Humidity and Corrosion

Covers: Rust Prevention, Salt Exposure, Moisture Control

Moisture and corrosion can affect fastener integrity and torque values

High Humidity

Effects:
  • Accelerated corrosion formation
  • Reduced friction coefficient
  • Potential thread seizing
Prevention:
  • Use corrosion-resistant fasteners
  • Apply appropriate anti-seize compounds
  • Maintain proper protective coatings

Salt Exposure

Effects:
  • Rapid corrosion development
  • Thread damage
  • Seized fasteners
Prevention:
  • Regular underbody washing
  • Use of sacrificial anodes where appropriate
  • Application of protective coatings

Seasonal Maintenance

Spring, Summer, Fall, and Winter maintenance schedules

Spring

  • Inspect for winter damage
  • Clean and protect exposed fasteners
  • Check torque on critical components

Summer

  • Monitor heat-affected components
  • Check expansion-related loosening
  • Inspect cooling system mounts

Fall

  • Prepare for winter conditions
  • Apply corrosion protection
  • Verify all fasteners are properly torqued

Winter

  • More frequent inspection of critical fasteners
  • Check for salt damage
  • Monitor suspension component torque

Related Resources

Tools, service procedures, and technical bulletins

Recommended Tools

Torque Wrench (1/4" drive)

A torque wrench is essential for applying precise torque to bolts and fasteners.

  • Accurate torque readings in Newton-meters (Nm) and foot-pounds (ft-lbs)
  • Click-type or digital display
  • Range capable of 5-30 Nm for smaller fasteners
Learn more

Torque Wrench (3/8" drive)

A larger torque wrench for higher torque applications.

  • Accurate torque readings in Newton-meters (Nm) and foot-pounds (ft-lbs)
  • Click-type or digital display
  • Range capable of 20-100 Nm for larger fasteners
Learn more

Socket Set (Metric)

A comprehensive set of metric sockets is required to fit various bolt head sizes.

  • 1/4" and 3/8" drive sockets
  • Variety of sizes including 8mm, 10mm, 13mm, 15mm, etc
  • 6-point sockets for optimal grip
Learn more

Socket Extensions

Extensions allow access to bolts in recessed areas.

  • Various lengths (3", 6", 10")
  • 1/4" and 3/8" drive options
Learn more

Universal Joint

A universal joint allows you to apply torque to a bolt at an angle.

  • 1/4" and 3/8" drive options
  • Durable construction
Learn more

Torque Angle Meter

An angle meter is needed when torque-to-yield bolts are present which require a specific angle of rotation after a specified torque.

  • Digital or analog display
  • Accurate angle measurements in degrees
Learn more
Service Procedures

Cylinder Head Bolt Torque Procedure

Proper torquing sequence and values for cylinder head bolts. Improper torquing can lead to head gasket failure.

  • Clean bolt threads and ensure the mating surface is clear of debris.
  • Install all cylinder head bolts finger tight.
  • Using a 3/8" drive torque wrench, torque bolts to 25 Nm in the specified sequence.
  • Using the same wrench and the same sequence, tighten bolts to 45 Nm.
  • Use a torque angle meter and turn bolts another 70 degrees in the same sequence.
  • Turn an additional 60 degrees in sequence using the torque angle meter
View full procedure

Intake Manifold Bolt Torque Procedure

Proper torque specifications for intake manifold bolts to ensure a leak-free seal.

  • Install all intake manifold bolts finger tight.
  • Using a 1/4" drive torque wrench, torque bolts to 8 Nm in the specified sequence (usually a cross pattern from the center out).
  • Using the same wrench and sequence, torque to 18 Nm.
View full procedure

Exhaust Manifold Bolt Torque Procedure

Proper torque specifications for exhaust manifold bolts to prevent exhaust leaks.

  • Install all exhaust manifold bolts finger tight.
  • Using a 3/8" drive torque wrench, torque bolts to 20 Nm in the specified sequence (usually a cross pattern from the center out).
  • Using the same wrench and sequence, torque to 30 Nm.
View full procedure

Camshaft Bearing Cap Bolt Torque Procedure

Proper torque sequence and torque specifications for camshaft bearing cap bolts

  • Clean all bolt threads and mating surfaces.
  • Install all bearing cap bolts finger tight in the specified sequence (center out).
  • Using a 1/4" drive torque wrench, torque bolts to 10 Nm in the same sequence.
  • Using the same wrench and sequence, torque to 15 Nm
View full procedure

Connecting Rod Bolt Torque Procedure

Proper torque sequence and torque specifications for connecting rod bolts. Always replace rod bolts for re-assembly.

  • Clean all bolt threads and ensure the connecting rod and cap are clean.
  • Install all rod bolts finger tight in the specified sequence.
  • Using a 3/8" drive torque wrench, torque bolts to 20 Nm.
  • Using a torque angle meter, turn bolts an additional 55 degrees.
View full procedure

Crankshaft Main Bearing Cap Bolt Torque Procedure

Proper torque sequence and torque specifications for the main bearing cap bolts.

  • Clean all bolt threads and mating surfaces.
  • Install all main bearing cap bolts finger tight in the specified sequence.
  • Using a 3/8" drive torque wrench, torque to 20 Nm.
  • Use a torque angle meter and turn bolts an additional 45 degrees in the same sequence.
View full procedure
Technical Service Bulletins

Engine Oil Leak at Timing Cover

2016-04-15

Some 1.4L engines have experienced oil leaks at the timing cover due to improper sealing. Check the torque specficiations of the timing cover bolts and ensure mating surfaces are clean.

2013-2016

Resolution: Clean mating surfaces and re-torque timing cover bolts to 10 Nm in the specified sequence. Replace the gasket if damaged.

Excessive Engine Vibration

2017-09-20

Certain 1.4L engine models have demonstrated excessive engine vibration. This can sometimes be attributed to loose engine mounts. Check the torque specification of the engine mount bolts and tighten appropriately.

2014-2017

Resolution: Verify the engine mount bolts are torqued to 60 Nm + 70 degrees. Check mounts for damage and replace as needed.

Cylinder Head Bolt Fatigue

2018-11-01

Some 1.4L engines have shown premature cylinder head bolt fatigue. Ensure proper torque procedure is followed and use a torque angle meter when needed.

2013-2019

Resolution: Ensure proper bolt torque is achieved as detailed above in cylinder head torque procedure and replace bolts if removed.

About the Author

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Alan Montanye - Automotive Technical Specialist
ASE

Alan Montanye

Automotive Technical Specialist

ASE Master Certified Technician with over a decade of hands-on experience in automotive repair and diagnostics.

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Technical Information
  • All specifications, including torque values, fluid capacities, and maintenance procedures, should be verified against your vehicle's factory service manual.
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